Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) Regarding Antibiotic Use and Antimicrobial Resistance Among General Population

Abstract

Background:

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a major global public health challenge mainly due to irrational and inappropriate use of antibiotics. Public knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding antibiotic use play an important role in controlling antimicrobial resistance.

Objectives:

To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) regarding antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance among the general population and to determine the association between socio-demographic factors and knowledge regarding AMR.

Methodology:

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 160 adults residing in the urban field practice area of a tertiary care teaching hospital. Participants aged 18 years and above were selected using simple random sampling. Data were collected using a predesigned and pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, and Chi-square test was applied for assessment of associations.

Results:

Among 160 participants, 45.0% had good knowledge regarding antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance. About 43.1% participants were aware of AMR, while 38.1% practiced self-medication with antibiotics. Educational status showed significant association with knowledge regarding AMR (p=0.021). Self-medication practices were significantly higher among males (p=0.014).

Conclusion:

Despite moderate awareness and positive attitude toward antibiotic use, inappropriate antibiotic practices were common among the study population. Community awareness programs and strict regulation of antibiotic sales are essential to combat antimicrobial resistance